Clinical efficacy of minimal hydrocelectomy with the aid of scrotoscope in the treatment of testicular hydrocele / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To explore the application value of scrotoscopy in the treatment of testicular hydrocele. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 27 patients with testicular hydrocele who were successfully treated with minimal hydrocelectomy with the aid of scrotoscope (MHS group) and 32 patients with traditional open surgery (TH group) during Dec.2017 and Dec.2021 were retrospectively analyzed and compared. 【Results】 Compared with TH group, the MHS group needed shorter average operation time [(32.22±5.25) min vs.(57.34±8.71) min, P<0.01], shorter incision length [(0.95±0.15) cm vs.(5.09±0.55) cm, P<0.01], shorter hospital stay [(3.63±0.97) d vs.(4.72±0.89) d,P<0.01] and lower postoperative incision visual analogue scale (VAS) (P<0.01), and milder degree of edema on the 3rd and 7th day after operation (P<0.05), but higher recurrence rate (14.81% vs.3.13%, P=0.256) 24 weeks after operation. 【Conclusion】 Scrotoscopy is safe in the treatment of testicular hydrocele, which has the advantages of short operation time, small incision, mild postoperative incision pain, mild scrotal edema and short hospital stay, but the recurrence rate tends to be higher than that of traditional open surgery.

Effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia on blood pressure and vascular remodeling / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate blood pressure and vascular remodeling of OSAS by establishing the chronic-intermittent hypoxia model in rat.@*Methods@#Experiments were performed on 35 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were randomly divided into four groups: unhandled control group (with 5 rats in it), CIH group at 9/6/3 weeks (with 10 ratsin each group). Rats in CIH group went through 8-hour intermittent hypoxia everyday, and those in control group were raising normally. After 9-week experiment, blood pressure was measured. The changes of the following indexes were observed: pathological changes of aorta and the middle aorta thickness (HE staining), the collagen of aorta wall (Masson staining). The experimental data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0 statistical software. The variance was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, and the irregularity was selected using the calibration t test.@*Results@#The systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the CIH9, 6, and 3 weeks groups and the control group were: (127±13) and (79±9), (124±11) and (81±7), (101±11) and (75±9), (91±10) and (65±9) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the rats in the week of CIH 9 and 6 weeks were significantly higher than the control group (F=14.64, P=0.000; F=6.81, P=0.000). There was no significant difference in the mean blood pressure between the three groups of CIH and the control group. Membrane thickness in CIH9, 6 and 3 weeks and control group were: (20±2), (19±2), (14±2), (13±3) μm. Compared with the control group, the aortic pathology and thickness of the middle layer of the CIH9 and 6 weeks group were significantly thicker (F=20.24, P=0.000), but there was no significant difference between the CIH3 week group and the control group; the collagen deposition was unchanged compared with the control group.@*Conclusion@#Intermittent hypoxia for 6 weeks or more in rats resulted in the increasement of blood pressure, morphological changes of aorta and vascular remodeling in thickened media.

Management and prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma with tracheal invasion / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate treatment modalities and prognosis differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with tracheal invasion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data were reviewed and analyzed in 50 patients treated for DTC with tracheal invasion between January 1990 and June 1998. The different surgical modalities were applied according to the extent of tracheal invasion: shave excision (20 cases), tracheal sleeve resection or tracheal partial resection (23 cases), total laryngectomy or laryngeal closure surgery (7 cases). Thirty-eight cases received postoperative (131)I therapy. Survival rate was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates of all the cases were 90.0%, 74.0% and 56.0%, respectively. The 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates were 94.7%, 81.6% and 65.8% respectively in 38 cases with postoperative (131)I therapy and were 75.0%, 50.0% and 25.0% respectively in 12 cases without postoperative (131)I therapy, with statistically significant differences in 5-, 10- or 15-year survival rates between the patients of two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The tumors can be resected radically by corresponding surgery based on the extent of tracheal invasion. Postoperative (131)I therapy can enhance the survival rate of the patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma involving in trachea.</p>

The study on clinical significance of the expression of EGFL7 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the association and mechanism of EGFL7 expression level with the invasion and metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.@*METHOD@#RT-PCR and Western blotting were used respectively to detect the level of EGFL7 mRNA and protein form 33 fresh laryngeal carcinoma tissues and matched para-neoplastic non-tumor tissues. The immunohistochemistry technique was performed to determine microvessel density (MVD) in 33 tumor tissues. The association of EGFL7 expression and MVD with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.@*RESULT@#EGFL7 mRNA and protein expression were both significantly higher in the tumor tissues than in the paraneoplastic non-tumor tissues (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EGFL7 may have a close correlation with the development of laryngeal carcinoma via its impact on tubulogenesis and vessel shape. EGFL7 might serve as a tumor marker for assessing the progression of laryngeal carcinoma and a guide of clinical therapeutic decisions.

CD44 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in nasopharyngeal cancer cells / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation of CD44 with epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) and metastasis in nasopharyngeal cancer cells, and explore the possible mechanism of CD44 regulates EMT and metastasis in nasopharyngeal cancer cells.@*METHOD@#The CD44 and EMT-associated proteins in 5-8F and 6-10B nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines were assayed by Western blotting. The erasion trace test was performed to observe the migratory ability of 5-8F and 6-10B nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Using lipid-mediated DNA transfection technique, the low metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer cells 6-10B were transfected in vitro with plasmid which contained CD44 gene, and then new nasopharyngeal cancer cells were obtained. The CD44 and EMT-associated proteins in 6-10B, empty vector transfected and CD44-transfected cells were assayed by Western blotting. The erasion trace test was performed to observe the alteration of migratory ability of nasopharyngeal cancer cells before and after CD44 transfection.@*RESULT@#The expression of CD44 and EMT-associated protein MMP-9 in 5-8F was higher than that in 6-10B, but EMT-associated protein E-Cadherin in 5-8F was lower than that in 6-10B. The migratory ability of 5-8F was higher than that of 6-10B. The expression of CD44 and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the CD44-transfected nasopharyngeal cancer cells than in the control groups. Compared with control groups, the migratory ability of CD44-transfected nasopharyngeal cancer cells was significantly increased.@*CONCLUSION@#CD44 positively regulates the metastatic ability of nasopharyngeal cancer cells, which is relevant to the process of EMT.

Reconstruction with the anterolateral thigh flap interposition for defect after tumor resection of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal cancer / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effectiveness of the anterolateral thigh flap in reconstruction for the tissue defects of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal tumor resection.@*METHOD@#Retrospective review of two clinical cases who underwent pharyngoesophageal reconstruction with the anterolateral thigh flap after tumor ablation.@*RESULT@#No flap failure, fistula and stricture occurred in two patients. Two patients tolerated a regular diet. An esophageal voice was progressively acquired with the help of speech therapy. With followup for 16 and 41 months two patients were alive without tumor evolution.@*CONCLUSION@#The higher success rate,lower complication, quick recovery, made the anterolateral thigh flap interposition is the ideal choice for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction.

GJB2 (connexin 26) gene mutation screen in patients with nonsydromic hearing loss in Hunan / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To identify the genetic characteristics in patients with nonsydromic hearing loss (NSHL) in Hunan province, to determine the prevalence and spectrum of mutations in GJB2 gene, and to explore the pathogenic mechanism.@*METHODS@#A total of 140 sporadic patients with NSHL were enrolled after clinical examination. Molecular studies were performed by amplifing the coding region of GJB2 gene, purifying the PCR products, and sequencing directly. Sequences were analysed by DNAStar software to determine GJB2 mutations in the patients. Special method was designed to confirm the unreported mutation.@*RESULTS@#We detected GJB2 mutation in 56 out of the 140 patients (40%, 56/140). Both of the 2 alleles were mutated in 29 patients and 1 allele in the other 27 patients, and the rate of allele mutation was 30.4%(85/280). Ten variations were detected, including 7 mutations and 3 polymorphisms. The deaf-causing mutations were nonsense mutation c.139G>T; frameshift mutation c.235delC and c.176-191del16; and missense mutation c.109G>A, c.344T>G, c.550C>T and c.571T>C. The unreported missense mutation was c.344T>G. The c.235delC mutation was the most prevalent mutation found in the 27 patients (19.3%, 27/140). The frequency of c.109G>A mutation was next to c.235delC found in 25 patients (17.9%, 25/140).@*CONCLUSION@#GJB2 mutation is a major cause for NSHL. The most common-spot in Chinese patients with NSHL is c.235delC. The unreported missense mutation is c.344T>G.

Reconstruction with the anterolateral thigh flap interposition for defect after tumor resection of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal cancer / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of the anterolateral thigh flap in reconstruction for the tissue defects of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal tumor resection.Method:Retrospective review of two clinical cases who underwent pharyngoesophageal reconstruction with the anterolateral thigh flap after tumor ablation.Result:No flap failure, fistula and stricture occurred in two patients.Two patients tolerated a regular diet.An esophageal voice was progressively acquired with the help of speech therapy.With followup for 16 and 41 months two patients were alive without tumor evolution.Conclusion:The higher success rate,lower complication,quick recovery,made the anterolateral thigh flap interposition is the ideal choice for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction.

Study on the surgery treatments in patients with maxillary osteofibrous hyperplasia of bone / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and the surgery therapy of maxillary fibrous hyperplasia of bone.@*METHOD@#The clinical data of 37 cases with maxillary fibrous hyperplasia of bone from 1987-2006 years were retrospectively analyzed. 19 cases of male and 18 cases of female, their average age is 22.5 years (17-35 years). Twenty-one cases were operated by Caldwell-lud or lateral rhinotomy operation. After 1997, 16 cases were operated by Caldwell-lud operation with endoscopy so as to strip hyperplasia bone.@*RESULT@#Thirty-six cases were cured within 2-4 years follow-up, 1 case was reoperated by Caldwell-lud operation with endoscopy after recurrence. The patients who received operation by Caldwell-lud operation with endoscopy had less symptoms in the inflation deformity of maxillofacial region and dysfunction of neighbouring structures than those who received traditional operation.@*CONCLUSION@#The diagnosis can be made by history, signs and radiography. Caldwell-lud operation with nasal endoscopy is more effective treatment, and advocated in clinical practice.

Diagnosis and treatment of insertion obstacle(report of 32 cases) / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To point out and define "insertion obstacle" (IO) as another sort of sexual dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective review was done on 32 patients with IO. They were diagnosed by self-rating insertion scale(SIS) designed by reference to the first five questions in OLeary's "Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory for Urology" (1995), involving sexual desire and erection and insertion, and treated mainly by psychological behavior therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 32 cases, 30 patients were diagnosed as IO, 29 (90.6%) were simple psychological IO, and successfully cured by psychological behavior therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IO, as a sort of sexual dysfunction, could be diagnosed by SIS, and cured by psychological behavior therapy.</p>

Treatment Outcome of 1800 Cases of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery / 中国医师杂志

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of endscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and to investgate the causes and prevention of the complication of ESS.Methods 1800 patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were retrospectively analyzed by ESS treatment from Aug 1993 to Jun 2001.Results Patients with clinical types and stages from Ⅰ to Ⅲ were 171 cases(9 5%),1003 cases (55 7%),626 cases(34 8%) respectively.The clinical cure rate from Ⅰ to Ⅲ were 91 2%,71 1%,36 2% respectively.The total cure rate was 61 0%,complications were noted in 96 cases(5 3%).The types of complication included papyraceous lamina injury in 15 cases(0 83%),hemorrhage in 16 cases(0 89%),adhesion in 63 cases(3 5%),transient blindness in 2 cases(0 11%).Conclusions ESS is effective and safe in the treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal ployps.The operation outcome is directly related to the typing and phasing of the disease.It is important to find and treat complications timely and accurately.